A third grader solves 56 ÷ 7 by asking, "What number times 7 makes 56?" and answers 8. Which idea is the student using?

Division as an unknown-factor problem

The zero property of multiplication

Division as repeated subtraction

The commutative property of multiplication

In a meadow beside a pond, grasshoppers eat grass, frogs eat grasshoppers, and snakes eat frogs. No other animal in the meadow eats grasshoppers, and the snakes have no other food. A third-grade teacher describes the food chain above. If a disease kills most of the frogs, which change is most likely to follow first?

Grasshoppers increase and snakes decrease.

Grasshoppers decrease and snakes increase.

Grasshoppers and snakes both increase.

Grasshoppers and snakes both decrease.

Which observation provides the strongest support for the nativist theory of language acquisition?

Children say sentences they have never heard anyone produce.

Children repeat words more often after adults praise them.

Children name hidden objects once they grasp object permanence.

Children talk more when caregivers expand on what they say.

First, fill a cup with soil. Next, push one bean seed down with your finger. Then, pour in a little water. Last, set the cup by a sunny window. Ingrid, a second grader, wrote the piece above. Which statement correctly classifies her writing?

It is informative/explanatory because it explains how to do something.

It is narrative because it uses words that signal time order.

It is opinion writing because it tells the reader what to do.

It is descriptive because it includes details about a setting.

A second-grade class models a garden food chain in which a caterpillar eats lettuce and a robin eats the caterpillar. In which order should the arrows point?

Lettuce to caterpillar to robin

Caterpillar to lettuce to robin

Robin to caterpillar to lettuce

Lettuce to robin to caterpillar

Praxis Early Childhood Education (5025)

Free Praxis Early Child 5025 Practice Questions

10 sample questions for the Praxis Early Childhood Education (5025), with the correct answer and an explanation for each. No account needed. Try each one before you open the answer.

Sections covered on the exam: Language and Literacy, Mathematics, Social Studies, Science, Health, PE, and the Arts.

Question 1 · Language and Literacy
A child aged 2 years, 2 months says, "Mommy go work," "Me want big truck," and "Doggie eat cookie." Which stage of language acquisition do these utterances best illustrate?
- A.Holophrastic stage
- B.Two-word stage
- C.Later multiword stage
- D.Telegraphic stage
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. Telegraphic stage
The child strings three or four content words together in a sensible order while leaving out function words and endings such as to , a , and -s , which is the hallmark of telegraphic speech. The two-word stage is limited to pairs such as more juice , and later multiword speech adds the articles, auxiliaries, and inflections that are missing here.
Question 2 · Language and Literacy
I think our class should get a hamster. Hamsters are quiet, so they will not bother us when we read. Also, they are small and do not need a big cage.
Halima, a second grader, wrote the opinion piece above. Based on grade-level expectations for opinion writing, which component should the teacher help her add?
- A.A concluding statement
- B.A stated opinion
- C.A linking word
- D.A supporting reason
Show answer and explanation
Answer: A. A concluding statement
The piece states an opinion (the class should get a hamster), gives two reasons, and connects them with the linking words so and also , but it stops without a closing sentence. Grade 2 opinion writing is expected to end with a concluding statement. Readers who overlook so and also may wrongly decide that a linking word is missing.
Question 3 · Mathematics
A third grader solves 56 ÷ 7 by asking, "What number times 7 makes 56?" and answers 8. Which idea is the student using?
- A.The zero property of multiplication
- B.Division as an unknown-factor problem
- C.Division as repeated subtraction
- D.The commutative property of multiplication
Show answer and explanation
Answer: B. Division as an unknown-factor problem
Multiplication and division are inverse operations, so 56 ÷ 7 can be found as the missing factor in □ × 7 = 56, and 8 × 7 = 56. Repeated subtraction would take 7 away from 56 again and again and count the eight subtractions. The commutative property only says that 7 × 8 and 8 × 7 are equal; it does not connect division to multiplication.
Question 4 · Social Studies
Third graders compare three communities and find that each has some way of providing shelter, preparing food, teaching children, and marking important events, although the ways differ. Which concept does this finding illustrate?
- A.Cultural diffusion
- B.Ethnocentrism
- C.Cultural assimilation
- D.Cultural universals
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. Cultural universals
Cultural universals are the needs and practices found in every culture, such as shelter, food, education, and celebration, which each group meets in its own way. Cultural diffusion is the spread of ideas or customs from one group to another, and assimilation is one group taking on the ways of another; neither is described because the communities are only being compared. Ethnocentrism is judging other cultures by the standards of one's own.
Question 5 · Science
In a meadow beside a pond, grasshoppers eat grass, frogs eat grasshoppers, and snakes eat frogs. No other animal in the meadow eats grasshoppers, and the snakes have no other food.
A third-grade teacher describes the food chain above. If a disease kills most of the frogs, which change is most likely to follow first?
- A.Grasshoppers decrease and snakes increase.
- B.Grasshoppers and snakes both increase.
- C.Grasshoppers and snakes both decrease.
- D.Grasshoppers increase and snakes decrease.
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. Grasshoppers increase and snakes decrease.
Frogs are the only predator of the grasshoppers and the only food of the snakes. With few frogs, fewer grasshoppers are eaten, so their numbers rise, while the snakes lose their food supply and decline. The tempting error is to assume that every population linked to the frogs moves in the same direction.
Question 6 · Language and Literacy
Which observation provides the strongest support for the nativist theory of language acquisition?
- A.Children repeat words more often after adults praise them.
- B.Children name hidden objects once they grasp object permanence.
- C.Children talk more when caregivers expand on what they say.
- D.Children say sentences they have never heard anyone produce.
Show answer and explanation
Answer: D. Children say sentences they have never heard anyone produce.
Nativist theory (Chomsky) holds that children are born with an innate capacity for grammar, so they generate novel sentences instead of only copying what they hear. Repetition after praise supports behaviorism, gains from caregiver expansions support interactionist views, and language that follows a thinking milestone supports cognitive-developmental theory.
Question 7 · Language and Literacy
First, fill a cup with soil. Next, push one bean seed down with your finger. Then, pour in a little water. Last, set the cup by a sunny window.
Ingrid, a second grader, wrote the piece above. Which statement correctly classifies her writing?
- A.It is narrative because it uses words that signal time order.
- B.It is opinion writing because it tells the reader what to do.
- C.It is informative/explanatory because it explains how to do something.
- D.It is descriptive because it includes details about a setting.
Show answer and explanation
Answer: C. It is informative/explanatory because it explains how to do something.
How-to writing is a subgenre of informative/explanatory writing: its purpose is to explain a procedure so that a reader can carry it out. The sequence words ( first , next , then , last ) tempt readers toward narrative, but a narrative recounts real or imagined events that happened to someone. Opinion writing states a preference and supports it with reasons.
Question 8 · Mathematics
Paulo, a third grader, writes: 5 × 18 = 5 × (2 × 9) = (5 × 2) × 9 = 10 × 9 = 90.
Which property of multiplication justifies the step in which Paulo moves the parentheses?
- A.Commutative property
- B.Distributive property
- C.Associative property
- D.Identity property
Show answer and explanation
Answer: C. Associative property
Changing 5 × (2 × 9) to (5 × 2) × 9 regroups the factors without changing their order, which is the associative property; the product is 10 × 9 = 90. The commutative property changes the order of factors, as in 5 × 18 = 18 × 5. The distributive property breaks a factor into addends, as in 5 × (10 + 8).
Question 9 · Social Studies
People in our community
Person What the person does
Baker Bakes bread and sells it at a market
Barber Cuts hair in a shop
Shopper Buys a loaf of bread for lunch
Bus rider Pays a fare to ride to work
Second graders classify the people in the chart above. Which person is a producer who provides a service?
- A.The shopper
- B.The barber
- C.The bus rider
- D.The baker
Show answer and explanation
Answer: B. The barber
A producer makes goods or provides services, and a service is work done for someone else, so the barber who cuts hair is a producer of a service. The baker is also a producer, but bread is a good, an object that can be held. The shopper and the bus rider are consumers: one buys a good and the other pays for a service.
Question 10 · Science
A second-grade class models a garden food chain in which a caterpillar eats lettuce and a robin eats the caterpillar. In which order should the arrows point?
- A.Lettuce to caterpillar to robin
- B.Caterpillar to lettuce to robin
- C.Robin to caterpillar to lettuce
- D.Lettuce to robin to caterpillar
Show answer and explanation
Answer: A. Lettuce to caterpillar to robin
Arrows in a food chain show the direction in which energy moves: from the organism that is eaten to the organism that eats it. Energy passes from the lettuce, a producer, to the caterpillar and then to the robin. Children often reverse the arrows because they read each arrow as the word eats .

People in our community
Person	What the person does
Baker	Bakes bread and sells it at a market
Barber	Cuts hair in a shop
Shopper	Buys a loaf of bread for lunch
Bus rider	Pays a fare to ride to work

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