NREMT

Therapeutic communication builds rapport and helps you gather information. Use open-ended questions to let patients describe their symptoms, maintain eye contact, and listen actively. Show empathy by understanding the patient's perspective without judgment, validate concerns, avoid interrupting, and adapt your language to the patient's age, education, and cultural background.

Radio communication follows established protocols: identify yourself and your unit, speak clearly and concisely, use plain language rather than codes when local protocol permits, and protect patient privacy during transmissions.

Hospitalnotification:Whattoreport

ReportElement	Example
Unitandlevelofcare	"Medic12 BLSunit" ,
Patientageandsex	"67 -year-old male"
Chiefcomplaintandfieldimpression	"Chestpain possiblecardiac" ,
Historyofpresentillness	"Onset30minutesagoatrest"
Vitalsigns	"BP 148/92 pulse 104 respirations 20 SpO 95%" , , , ₂
Treatmentandresponse	"Aspirin324mgchewed;painunchanged"
Estimatedtimeofarrival	"ETA10minutes"

Standardized formats such as SBAR keep reports organized:

➜

➜

➜

What is happening now

Relevant history

Findings and impression

What is needed next

Lifting and Moving Patients

Proper body mechanics protect you from injury: keep a wide base of support with feet shoulder-width apart, keep the back straight, bend at the hips and knees, hold the load close to your body, and avoid twisting.

Move	WhentoUseIt	Techniques
Emergency	ImmediatedangertothepatientorEMT ,	Clothesdrag blanketdrag firefighter'scarry , ,
	suchasfire explosionrisk orhazardous , ,
	materials Speedtakespriorityoverspinal .
	protection
Urgent	Thepatient'sconditionrequiresrapid	Rapidextricationfromavehiclewithmanualstabilization;airway ,
	transport	breathing andcirculationtakepriorityovercomplete ,
		immobilization
Non-urgent	Noimmediatethreat;allowsfullspinal	Directgroundlift extremitylift drawsheetmethod;logrollontoa , ,
	precautionsandpatientcomfort	backboard

Position	UsedFor
Supine legselevated(shock ,	Hypoperfusion whennocontraindicationexists ,
position)
Fowler's(sittingupright) Recovery(lateralrecumbent) Leftlateralrecumbent	Respiratorydistress Unresponsivepatientswhoarebreathingadequately toprotecttheairway , Pregnantpatientsinthethirdtrimester torelievepressureontheinferiorvenacava ,	1

Transport equipment includes wheeled stretchers, stair chairs, backboards, scoop stretchers, flexible stretchers, and basket stretchers. Select equipment based on the patient's condition, the environment, and available resources.

Scene safety comes before patient contact on every call.

Negligence requires duty, breach, proximate cause, and damages.

Hand hygiene is the most effective infection control measure.

Abandonment is ending care without transfer to equal or

Implied consent covers unresponsive patients and

higher care.

emergencies when a guardian cannot be reached.

Correct PCR errors with a single line, the correction, and

A competent adult may refuse care; document the refusal

your initials.

thoroughly.

Emergency moves are only for immediate danger.